Temporomandibular dysfunction or TMD is related sometimes to your bite and how your teeth fit together and sometimes to stress in your life. TMD is treated on an individual basis and sometimes requires special x-rays. Some patients are successfully treated with braces, extensive dental work, physical therapy, joint surgery and/or occlusal splint therapy.

Orthodontic and orthognathic (Jaw) Surgery is often required for severe skeletal discrepancies that cannot be successfully corrected with just braces.